1. Uveliso lwexesha nje (JIT)
Indlela yokuvelisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo yavela eJapan, kwaye ingcamango yayo esisiseko kukuvelisa imveliso efunekayo ngobuninzi obufunekayo kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Undoqo wale ndlela yokuvelisa kukusukela inkqubo yemveliso ngaphandle kwe-inventri, okanye inkqubo yokuvelisa enciphisa uluhlu lwempahla. Kumsebenzi wemveliso, kufuneka silandele ngokungqongqo iimfuno ezisemgangathweni, sivelise ngokwemfuno, kwaye sithumele izinto ezininzi ezifunekayo kwisiza ukuthintela uluhlu olungaqhelekanga.
2. I-5S kunye nolawulo olubonakalayo
I-5S (Ukudityaniswa, ukulungiswa, ukucocwa, ukucocwa, ukufunda nokubhala) sisixhobo esisebenzayo solawulo lwezinto ezibonwayo ezikwisiza, kodwa ikwasisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuphucula ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kwabasebenzi. Isitshixo kwimpumelelo ye-5S yimigangatho, eyona migangatho ichazwe kwisiza kunye noxanduva olucacileyo, ukuze abasebenzi bakwazi ukugcina ukucoceka kwendawo, ngelixa bezibhenca ukusombulula iingxaki zesiza kunye nezixhobo, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe baphuhlise ubuchwephesha. imikhwa kunye nobuchule obufanelekileyo bokufunda nokubhala.
3. Ulawulo lweKanban
I-Kanban ingasetyenziselwa njengendlela yokutshintshiselana ngolwazi malunga nokulawulwa kwemveliso kwisityalo. Amakhadi e-Kanban aqulethe ulwazi oluninzi kwaye anokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-kanban ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: imveliso kanban kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-kanban. I-Kanban iqondile, iyabonakala kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.
4. Ukusebenza okusemgangathweni (SOP)
Ukumiswa komgangatho sesona sixhobo sisebenzayo solawulo olusebenzayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wemveliso. Emva kohlalutyo lwexabiso lenkqubo yokuvelisa, umgangatho wombhalo wenziwa ngokwenkqubo yenzululwazi yokuhamba kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza. Umgangatho awukho nje isiseko sokugweba umgangatho wemveliso, kodwa kunye nesiseko sokuqeqesha abasebenzi ukuba basebenze ngokusemgangathweni. Le migangatho ibandakanya imigangatho yokubonwa kwesayithi, imigangatho yolawulo lwezixhobo, imigangatho yokuvelisa imveliso kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho wemveliso. Imveliso ebhityileyo ifuna ukuba “yonke into ibekwe emgangathweni”.
5. Ukugcinwa ngokupheleleyo kweMveliso (TPM)
Ngendlela yokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo, ukudala inkqubo yezixhobo ezilungiselelwe kakuhle, ukuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhoyo, ukufezekisa ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli, ukwenzela ukuba amashishini anokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ayibonisi kuphela i-5S, kodwa ngokubaluleke ngakumbi, uhlalutyo lokhuseleko lomsebenzi kunye nokulawulwa kwemveliso ekhuselekileyo.
6.Sebenzisa iValue stream Maps ukuchonga inkunkuma (VSM)
Inkqubo yemveliso igcwele inkunkuma emangalisayo, i-Value Stream Mapping isisiseko kunye nenqaku eliphambili lokuphumeza inkqubo ebhityileyo kunye nokuphelisa inkunkuma yenkqubo:
Ukuchonga apho kwenzeka khona inkunkuma kwinkqubo kwaye uchonge amathuba okuphucula abhinqileyo;
• Ukuqonda amacandelo kunye nokubaluleka kwemijelo yexabiso;
• Ukukwazi ukuzoba “imephu yomsinga wexabiso”;
• Ukuqaphela ukusetyenziswa kwedatha ukuxabisa imizobo yoluhlu kunye nokubeka phambili amathuba okuphucula ubungakanani bedatha.
7. Uyilo olulinganisiweyo lomgca wemveliso
Uyilo olungenangqiqo lomgca wendibano lukhokelela ekuhambeni okungadingekile kwabasebenzi bemveliso, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngenxa yolungiselelo lwentshukumo olungekho ngqiqweni kunye nendlela yenkqubo engafanelekanga, abasebenzi bachola okanye babeke phantsi i-workpiece kathathu okanye kahlanu. Ngoku uvavanyo lubalulekile, ngokunjalo nocwangciso lwesiza. Yonga ixesha kunye nomgudu. Yenza okuninzi ngokuncinci.
8. TSHA imveliso
Okubizwa ngokuba yimveliso yokutsalwa kulawulo lweKanban njengendlela, ukusetyenziswa "kwenkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo" oko kukuthi, emva kokuba inkqubo ngokwe "imarike" idinga ukuvelisa, ukunqongophala kweemveliso kwinkqubo yenkqubo yangaphambili yokuthatha. umlinganiselo ofanayo weemveliso eziqhubekayo, ukuze kwenziwe yonke inkqubo yolawulo lokutsalwa, ungaze uvelise ngaphezu kwemveliso enye. I-JIT kufuneka isekelwe kwimveliso yokutsala, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokutsala yinto eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa imveliso. Ukusukelana nokungabikho kwe-inventri, ubukhulu becala eyona nkqubo ilungileyo yokutsala yokusebenza ukufikelela.
9. Ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza (SMED)
Ithiyori yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza isekelwe kubuchule bophando lomsebenzi kunye nobunjineli obufanayo, ngenjongo yokunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa izixhobo phantsi kwentsebenziswano yeqela. Xa utshintsha umgca wemveliso kunye nokulungelelanisa izixhobo, ixesha lokukhokela linokunyanzeliswa kumlinganiselo omkhulu, kwaye umphumo wokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ubonakala kakhulu.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe inkcitho yokulinda ixesha lokuphumla libe lincinci, inkqubo yokunciphisa ixesha lokumisela kukususa kancinci kancinci kwaye kuncitshiswe yonke imisebenzi engeyongeza ixabiso kwaye iyijike ibe ziinkqubo ezigqityiweyo zokungaphelelwa lixesha. Imveliso ebhityileyo kukuphelisa ngokuqhubekayo inkunkuma, ukunciphisa uluhlu, ukunciphisa iziphene, ukunciphisa ixesha lomjikelo wokuvelisa kunye nezinye iimfuno ezithile zokufezekisa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokumisela yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokusinceda sifezekise le njongo.
10. Uphuculo oluqhubekayo (eKaizen)
Xa uqala ukugqiba ngokuchanekileyo ixabiso, uchonga ixabiso lexabiso, yenza amanyathelo okudala ixabiso kwimveliso ethile ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye uvumele umthengi ukuba akhuphe ixabiso kwishishini, umlingo uqala ukwenzeka.
Inkonzo yethu ephambili:
Inkqubo yeprofayili yeAluminiyam
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Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-13-2024
